Preparation of sentence of the noun phrase

The noun phrase is a group of words that ends with a noun.  It can contain determine  (the, a, this etc), adverbs, and nouns. It cannot begin with a preposition. Remember that both subjects and complements ar generally noun phrases.

Count and non-count nouns

A count noun is one that can be counted.

• Book- one book, two books, three books………….
• Student – one student, two students, three students…………
• Person- one person, two people, three people………….

A non- count is one that cannot be counted.

• Milk – you cannot say: one milk, two milks……..

It is possible, however, to count some non- count nouns it the substance is placed in a countable container.

Glass of milk – one glass of milk, two glasses of milk…………

Some determine can be use only with count or non-count nouns, while other can be used with either. Memorize the works in the following table. 

With count nouns	with non-noun
A(a), the, some, any This, that, these, those None, one, two, three…. Many A lot of A (large, great) number of A few Fewer……..than More…….than	The, some, any This, that None Much A lot of A large amount of A little Less……than More….than

It is very important to know if a noun is count or non- count. Be sure that you know that plurals of irregular count nouns. The following list contains some irregular count nouns that you should know.

Person – people              Foot – feet          woman -  women            child -  children                           Mouse – mice          man – men           tooth -  teeth

The following list contains some non-count nouns that you should know.

Sand       news      measles      food     soap      mumps       information      economics             Physics     air      meat     advertising     mathematics      politics     homework      money

Note: although advertising is a non- count noun, advertisement is a count noun. It you wish to speak of one particular advertisement, you must use this word.

There are too many advertisements during televisions shows.

There is too much advertising during television shows.

Some non- counts, such as food, meat, money, and sand, may be used as count nouns is order to indicate different types.

This is one of the foods that my doctor has forbidden me to eat. (indicates a particular type of food)

He studies meats. (for example, beef, pork, lamb, etc.)

The word time can be either countable or non-countable depending on the context. When it means an occasion, it is countable. When it means a number of hours, days, years, etc, it is non-countable.

We have spent too much time on this homework.(non-count)

She has been late for class six times this semester. (count)

Preparation of sentence of the noun phrase

The noun phrase is a group of words that ends with a noun.  It can contain determine  (the, a, this etc), adverbs, and nouns. It cannot begin with a preposition. Remember that both subjects and complements ar generally noun phrases.

Count and non-count nouns

A count noun is one that can be counted.

• Book- one book, two books, three books………….
• Student – one student, two students, three students…………
• Person- one person, two people, three people………….

A non- count is one that cannot be counted.

• Milk – you cannot say: one milk, two milks……..

It is possible, however, to count some non- count nouns it the substance is placed in a countable container.

Glass of milk – one glass of milk, two glasses of milk…………

Some determine can be use only with count or non-count nouns, while other can be used with either. Memorize the works in the following table. 

With count nouns	with non-noun
A(a), the, some, any This, that, these, those None, one, two, three…. Many A lot of A (large, great) number of A few Fewer……..than More…….than	The, some, any This, that None Much A lot of A large amount of A little Less……than More….than

It is very important to know if a noun is count or non- count. Be sure that you know that plurals of irregular count nouns. The following list contains some irregular count nouns that you should know.

Person – people              Foot – feet          woman -  women            child -  children                           Mouse – mice          man – men           tooth -  teeth

The following list contains some non-count nouns that you should know.

Sand       news      measles      food     soap      mumps       information      economics             Physics     air      meat     advertising     mathematics      politics     homework      money

Note: although advertising is a non- count noun, advertisement is a count noun. It you wish to speak of one particular advertisement, you must use this word.

There are too many advertisements during televisions shows.

There is too much advertising during television shows.

Some non- counts, such as food, meat, money, and sand, may be used as count nouns is order to indicate different types.

This is one of the foods that my doctor has forbidden me to eat. (indicates a particular type of food)

He studies meats. (for example, beef, pork, lamb, etc.)

The word time can be either countable or non-countable depending on the context. When it means an occasion, it is countable. When it means a number of hours, days, years, etc, it is non-countable.

We have spent too much time on this homework.(non-count)

She has been late for class six times this semester. (count)

Classification of prepositions

There are seven kinds of preposition

Simple Preposition 

A single worded preposition before a noun or a pronoun in a sentence  is known as a Simple preposition.

Note: in, on, at, by, for, etc.

Examples:

• The children are swinging in the river. 
• He was sitting on his case. 
• We can be in at a building. 
• I am benefited by his advice. 
• We are looking for his arrival.

Double preposition

When two simple prepositions are used as a simple preposition is known as a Double preposition. 

Note: into, within, upon, up to, without, upon, etc.

Here,

In + to = into, with + in = within, up + on = upon, up + to = up to, with + out = without.

Examples:

• The class was divided into two parts. 
• One should live within one’s means. 
• The cat sprang upon the table. 
• No living being can live without air.

Compound preposition 

A simple preposition adding before a noun or adjective or an adverb used as a preposition is called a compound preposition. 

Note: along, across, about, beside, before, above, outside, between, etc.

Examples:

• We are walking along the road. 
• He walked across the field. 
• We agree about most things. 
• We camped beside a lake. 
• The patient had died before the doctor came. 
• The sky is above our heads. 
• Divide the sweet between John and Jack.

Participle preposition 

When a participle is used as a preposition before a noun or a pronoun in a sentence it is known as a participle preposition.

Note: During, concerning, pending, respecting, touching, regarding, considering, etc.

Examples:

• The fisherman worked during the rainy season. 
• I have an information concerning this matter. 
• We know everything regarding this matter. 
• Father pardoned her considering her age.

Phrase preposition 

When a phrase is used as a preposition before a noun or a pronoun in a sentence, it is known as a phrase preposition. 

Note: By dint of, on behalf of, by all means, in order to, with a view, by virtue of, etc.

Example:

• She stood first by dint of merit. 
• He speaks on behalf of his team. 
• They will win the game by all means. 
• We study hard in order to make a good result. 
• We went to library with a view to reading books. 
• We can overcome any difficulty by virtue of perseverance.

Detached preposition

A detached preposition is a preposition which is related to an interrogative pronoun or interrogative adverb or relative pronoun or relative adverb but sites at end of the sentence.

Note: in, for, from, with, to, at, etc.

Examples:

• We cuckoo sings in the spring. 
• What is New York famous for? 
• Where have you come from? 
• Whom are you speaking with?
•  I come back home at sunset.

Disguised preposition 

A preposition which is used in disguise before a noun or a pronoun in a sentence is called a disguised preposition.

Note:  in, on, of, at, per, etc.

Examples:

• The hunter went out on a hunting. 
• The baby fell in fast sleep.